STONEHENGE! An ancient structure filled with mystery; the subject of
speculation and rumor studied and analyzed by generations of men. Scientists and
producers of fanciful mystique alike have found it a challenge which thwarts the
analytical minds and the discerning eyes of man!
What is this strange and little known edifice which stands alone and aloof on
the Plains of Salisbury?
To quote a statement by Russell A. Herner, author of "Stonehenge: An Ancient
Masonic Temple." :I contend that this majestic structure is, in fact, an Ancient
Masonic Temple. This structure, or Temple as I will call it, has survived the
lapse of time, the ruthless hands of ignorance, and the devastations of war for
many centuries."
The author does not equivocate; he does not apologize; he does, however,
theorize very convincingly.
Let's look at this phenomenon on the open plains of Southwest England.
Salisbury Plain is in Wiltshire, England, about seven miles from the town of
Salisbury. On the flat plain surrounding Stonehenge, one can see large burial
mounds similar to those found in the United States (Moundsville, West Virginia,
for example).
Unanswered questions come flooding into one's mind as the mystery of
Stonehenge is viewed as it spreads over the plain.
How was it built? - What genius supplied the scientific knowledge which made
it possible? - When was it built - and by whom? Questions unanswered now, and
possibly for all time.
This was no small undertaking which our ancient craftsman took upon
themselves. IT WAS MONUMENTAL!!
Imagine what they faced!
No high-tech equipment which today's builders use so routinely!
No colleges teaching today's technology and sciences!
Quarries for the special stones located from 20 to 240 miles away!
No beasts of burden - only man's backs and strong limbs.
A river between the quarries and the building site!
A project of a magnitude exceeding the Sears Tower in Chicago or the Bay
Bridge in California. For building such modern projects involved many tasks
which individually were not difficult. -
Building Stonehenge involved many tasks which individually seemed
insurmountable! To the average mind today it was the impossible dream! But there
it stands for all to see: the improbable,impossible, inconceivable project.
Completed by a culture which we consider to be uneducated and without artistic
temperament.
At a point directly Northeast of the center of the Altar Stone, there is a
break in the circular embankments for an avenue, nearly 40 feet wide which leads
to the only element of Stonehenge which is outside this circle. The "Heelstone"
is a massive stone 20 feet high with 4 feet buried in the plain. It is planted
at an incline of 27 degrees toward the center of the structure. It is estimated
to weigh over 35 tons and is 256 feet from the center of the Altar Stone.
Just within the embankments ia a stone 3 feet thick, 7 feet wide, and nearly
22 feet long. This is thought to be the spot where animals were slaughtered as
offerings to Deity.
More is involved in the construction of Stonehenge than meets the casual
view. It is located and constructed by an exact
scientific formula from which can be derived much scientific data and many
astrological readings. Just inside the Aubrey Holes there are four Station
Stones forming a rectangle 108 feet 8 inches wide and 262 feet 3 inches long
with its long dimension perpendicular to the Northeast axis. At this latitude of
51 degrees 17 minutes North Latitude, lines drawn through these four stones plot
the rising and setting positions of the sun and moon at midsummer and midwinter.
If Stonehenge were moved as little as 30 miles, this rectangle would have to be
laid out as a parallelogram without right angled corners.
At the summer solstice (about June 21) the sun rises directly over the tip of
the Heelstone; its rays passing through the Sarsen Arch and striking the center
of the Altar Stone. (That one archway is 6 inches wider than all the rest.)
With this in mind, picture, if you will, this scene which may - or may not -
be purely imaginative.
It is night. The darkness is broken only by a candle or two -or perhaps by
the dim light of a setting moon. A group of men, marching in double file, enter
the Sarsen Circle. They are dressed in ancient costumes of leather and rough,
homespun cloth. They carry implements of the builders trades. In the center of
the group, walking between the columns and guided by two of the ancients, is a
young man - an initiate. They circumambulate the Sarsen Circle, stopping at
strategic points while voices from the darkness instruct and admonish the
initiate in their midst. As dawn approaches they pass through the open end of
the Trilithons, into the Bluestone Horseshoe, and wend their way Southeastward
until the initiate and the guides stand behind the Altar Stone, at its center,
facing Northeast. The rest of the group file slowly back until they form a
double line from the Altar Stone to the Sarsen Arch at the Extreme Northeast
limit of the Circle.
All is quiet. The darkness dims. The initiate has time to think on what he
has been told and the things he has seen. The circles of stone about the group
shut out nearly all the light as dawn grows near.
Suddenly a glow appears and a guide turns the initiate's head with the
command: "Look to the East!" The entire area is encompassed by two earthen
embankments separated by a ditch 17 feet wide. The inner embankment rises 7 feet
above the plain to reduce the possibility of cowans and eavesdroppers. The outer
mound is approximately 400 feet in diameter.
Within this circle, at a diameter of 286 feet, are 56 pits (called "Aubrey
Holes") filled with solid chalk. Several of these have been excavated and found
to contain human bones, spawning the assumption that they are burial spots for
the leaders or officers of those who used the site.
Further toward the center, with an inside diameter of 97 feet 4 inches, is
the main part of the structure: a circle of 30 stones nearly 4 feet thick, 7
feet wide, and standing 13 feet 6 inches above ground.
At a diameter of 77 feet is a circle of Bluestones, 6 feet 7 inches high in
the Southwest, tapering to 2 feet 4 inches in the Northeast.
We now approach the "Inner Sanctum" of Stonehenge. A horseshoe formation of 5
huge stone groups called "Trilithons" with the open end to the Northeast. These
mammoth units consist of 3 stones each. Two upright members varying in height
from 25 feet 6 inches in the center of the closed end of the horseshoe to 20
feet above ground at the open end. The third stone forms a lintel across the top
and is 15 feet 5 inches long (the width of two uprights). These stones are about
3 feet thick and 7 feet wide and, at the top, are carved in the form of a
mortise and tenon joint to hold the lintel in place.
Within this impressive group is a second horseshoe of round Bluestones 2 feet
in diameter varying in height from 9 feet 3 inches at the closed end to 6 feet 6
inches at the end open to the Northeast. These are set at a diameter of 39
feet.
Central to all the other parts of the structure is one of the two most
important elements. It lies flat on the ground and is a green stone with flecks
of mica throughout. It measures nearly 2 feet thick, 3 feet 3 inches wide and 15
feet 9 inches long. This is the "Altar Stone."
Some mention should be made of the two color elements used in Stonehenge's
construction: the green Altar and the two Bluestone units. Mackey's Encyclopedia
of Freemasonry has this statement:
"In all the Ancient Mysteries, this idea was carried out with Green
symbolizing the birth of the world, of the moral creation or resurrection of the
initiate." Thus we have the theory that the initiate took his obligation on the
Green Altar Stone at Stonehenge: "the creation or resurrection of a new life."
The Bluestones are thought to be indicative of the blue which is indelibly
attached to Masonry. From all ages blue has symbolized truth, sincerity, and
fidelity. Further, Masons met in outdoor Lodges under the blue canopy of Heaven
- thus, today, we meet in "Blue Lodges."
A sudden shaft of light bursts through the Sarsen Arch as the sun rises
directly over the tip of the Heelstone. It crosses the space within the Circle -
strikes the Altar Stone - and shines directly on the face of the Initiate!
LIGHT!!!
The Initiate has received the LIGHT. After further instruction he is admitted
to the inner circle of these rough men who, somehow, know many things of science
and nature.
A FINAL THOUGHT
Imagery??? Perhaps. - Perhaps not! We may never know; but this is an
indisputable fact: the construction of Stonehenge, like the Great Pyramid of
Giza, was done with knowledge that would be difficult to find, even today. It is
done with scientific skill which was thought to be developed many centuries
after these men lived and died.
The "How" and "Why" we may never understand, but the facts remain. An Ancient
Masonic Lodge??? Who knows? And, one may ask: "Does it really matter?"
For whatever we choose to believe about Stonehenge, it offers material for
intriguing hypothesizing and endless interesting conversations.
My Brothers - I give you the Mystery that is Stonehenge!"